@article{Gillani_Sulaiman_Sundram_Sheikh Ghadzi_Haroon_Md Hanafiah_2012, title={Risk factors for long term complications among patients of endocrine clinic in Hospital Penang, Malaysia}, volume={2}, url={https://www.jhsci.ba/ojs/index.php/jhsci/article/view/66}, DOI={10.17532/jhsci.2012.47}, abstractNote={<strong>Introduction:</strong> The prevalence of diabetes is on the increase and an estimated 239 million people worldwide are expected to have the condition by the year 2020 (1). Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a serious health<br />care challenge. The aim of the study was to evaluate the patient clinical characteristics and risk factors for long term complications in the endocrine clinic of Hospital Penang, Malaysia.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> Descriptive Prospective cross-sectional study design was chosen. To achieve a power of 0.7 with alpha set at 0.05, 186 subjects were required for the study but researcher increase the sample to 297 in case<br />of drop out. Self-developed data collection form was used to collect the patient information.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: 297 (100%) patients were enrolled from OPD diabetic clinic of Hospital Palau Pinang. Among the sample 150 (50.5%) were males and rest 147 (49.5%) females. Malay males mean weight at the time of diagnosis significantly higher (p<0.001,) as compared to other ethnics, same results found among Malay females (p<0.001). Findings suggested increased number of risk factors among the study population. Finding also<br />showed that hypertension found among all the classes of diagnosis. Signifi cant variable are diagnosis class and medication consideration.<br /><strong>Conclusion</strong> of the study suggested that majority of patients are at high risk of long-term complications and comorbidies. It has been found that increased rate of risk factors have been found among the study population and non-significant to sociodemographic differences.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Health Sciences}, author={Gillani, Wasif and Sulaiman, Syed and Sundram, Shameni and Sheikh Ghadzi, Maisharah and Haroon, Noor and Md Hanafiah, Nur Hafzan}, year={2012}, month={Sep.}, pages={104–117} }